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This species is accepted, and its native range is W. & W. Central Tropical Africa to Sudan and KwaZulu-Natal, Madagascar.

[FWTA]

Scrophulariaceae, F. N. Hepper. Flora of West Tropical Africa 2. 1963

Morphology General Habit
Creeping and ascending herb with soft spongy stems a few inches to 3 ft. long, rooting at the lower nodes
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers white
Ecology
In swamps and ditches.

[FZ]

Scrophulariaceae, D. Philcox. Flora Zambesiaca 8:2. 1990

Morphology General Habit
Decumbent or ascending, glandular-punctate herb up to 30 cm. tall, subglabrous; sterns simple or branched.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves 9–33.5(50) x 3–12(18) mm., lanceolate to ovate, obtuse or subacute, cuneate at base into short, broad petiole or subsessile, crenulate to crenate-serrate, glandular-punctate, markedly so beneath.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers solitary-axillary, white to occasionally pale violet, bibracteate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel
Pedicels 5–9 mm. long, winged just below calyx.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts 1–1.5 mm. long, narrowly linear.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx with lateral lobes ovate-lanceolate, narrow, keeled, ciliate; posterior lobe 6–7 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide, up to 9 mm. long, 6 mm. wide in fruit; anterior similar to but somewhat narrower than posterior; all lobes strongly reticulate-nerved.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule 4 x 2.5 mm., ellipsoid, foveolate, somewhat densely minutely glandular.

[FTEA]

Scrophulariaceae, S.A. Ghazanfar, F.N. Hepper & D. Philcox. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2008

Type
Type: Nigeria, without locality, P. Beauvois s.n. (G!, holo.)
Morphology General Habit
Ascending herb, sometimes a simple annual (see note), up to 40 cm high.
Morphology Stem
Stems fleshy, trailing, rooting at nodes, glabrous or nearly so
Morphology Leaves
Leaves lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–4(–8) cm long, (0.2–)0.6–1.2(–2.3) cm wide, narrowed at the base into a short petiole or sessile or base amplexicaul, obtuse to acute at apex, margins crenateserrate, glandular-punctate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers solitary in most leaf axils; pedicels 1–3(–5) mm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts 2, 1.5 mm long, setaceous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx glabrous, the outer lobes broadly ovate, posterior lobe largest, 8–9 mm long and 4–5 mm wide, in fruit reticulate-veined; other lobes successively smaller and narrower, lateral lobes somewhat keeled
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla pure white with yellow mark in the throat, slightly longer than the calyx; upper lip emarginate, lower lip equally 3-lobed.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style and ovary glabrous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule 3–4 mm, ovoid, glandular
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds ellipsoid.
Ecology
Grassy swamps and salt marshes; 0–1600 m
Conservation
Least Concern (LC); widespread
Note
Typically this species has a stout ascending stem and rooting habit, but in brackishmarshy habitats it tends to be a small annual with a simple erect stem; these are ecotypes and cannot be considered as separate taxa.
Distribution
Flora districts: K7 T3 T5 T6 T8 Z P Range: Senegal eastwards to the Sudan and southwards to Mozambique and Angola, Madagascar

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[FTEA]
Use
None recorded on specimens from our area

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zaïre

Bacopa crenata (P.Beauv.) Hepper appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
May 1, 2008 Cheek, M. [11745], Cameroon K000023312
Welwitsch [5875], Angola K001008368
Welwitsch [5877], Angola K001008369
Welwitsch [5909/5918], Angola K001008370
Welwitsch [5918], Angola K001008371
Leprieur [214], Senegal K000405199 isosyntype
Guillemin [12], Senegal K000405200 isosyntype

First published in Kew Bull. 14: 407 (1960)

Accepted by

  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (eds.) (2016). Flore du Gabon 48: 1-158. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania 30: 1-307.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A., Hepper, F.N. & Philcox, D. (2008). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Scrophulariaceae: 1-211.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Fischer, E. (1999). Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Zaire-rwanda-Burundi), Scrophulariaceae: 1-217. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique.
  • Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.
  • Lebrun, J.p., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Philcox, D. (1990). Flora Zambesiaca 8(2): 1-179. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • in Kew Bull. 14: 407 (1960).

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A., Hepper, F.N. & Philcox, D. (2008). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Scrophulariaceae: 1-211.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Fischer, F.A.C. Scrophulariaceae: 28, pl. 7 (1999).
  • F.Z.: 8(2): 49 (1990)
  • F.W.T.A. ed. 2, 2: 359 (1963)
  • K.B. 14: 407 (1960)

Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0