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This genus is accepted, and its native range is N. America, Cuba to Bahamas, Brazil to N. Argentina, Tropical & Subtropical Old World.

[FTEA]

Compositae, H. Beentje, C. Jeffrey & D.J.N. Hind. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2005

Habit
 Annual or perennial herbs, often with annual stems from woody rootstocks, or shrubs to trees
Leaves
Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, sometimes radical, penninerved (rarely 3-5-nerved from the base), often glandular
Capitulum
Capitula homogamous, 1-many-flowered, in corymbiform cymes or various paniculate, spicate, or clustering inflorescences; involucre variously shaped; phyllaries free in several series, imbricate, the apex sometimes with a coloured appendage; receptacle plane or alveolate, sometimes the alveolae fimbriate
Florets
Florets normally bisexual and fertile, narrowly cylindric proximally, widening abruptly, with five regular lobes; anthers distally with linear or lanceolate appendage; style branches long-tapering with stigmatic papillae on the inner surface near the base, pilose beneath usually with simple hairs
Fruits
Achenes of various shapes, smooth or ribbed, with or without a distinct basal callus; pappus usually 2-seriate with the outer whorl short, of scales or setae, sometimes caducous, the inner whorl of long setae.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1–4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Distribution
Some 500 species in the Old World tropics and North and South America.
Habit
Annual or perennial herbs, often with annual stems from woody rootstocks, or shrubs to trees
Leaves
Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, sometimes radical, often glandular
Capitulum
Capitula homogamous, 1–many-flowered, in corymbiform cymes or various paniculate spicate or clustering inflorescences; phyllaries free in several series, imbricate, the apex sometimes with a coloured appendage
Florets
Florets normally bisexual and fertile, narrowly cylindric near the base, widening abruptly, with 5 regular lobes; anthers distally with linear or lanceolate appendage; style branches long-tapering with stigmatic papillae above near the base, below pilose
Fruits
Achenes of various shape, smooth or ribbed, with or without a distinct basal callus; pappus usually 2-seriate with the outer whorl short, of scales or bristles, sometimes caducous, the inner whorl of long bristles.

[FZ]

Compositae, G. V. Pope. Flora Zambesiaca 6:1. 1992

Habit
Annual or perennial herbs (often suffrutescent in the Flora Zambesiaca area with annual stems from woody rootstocks) or small to large shrubs, woody scramblers or rarely small trees.
Leaves
Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, sometimes radical, sessile or petiolate, penninerved but sometimes 3–5-nerved from the base, often glandular.
Capitulum
Capitula homogamous, 1-many flowered, florets normally bisexual and fertile; capitula usually arranged in corymbiform cymes, sometimes scorpioidly cymose, or in various axillary or terminal clusters, spicate, paniculate, or solitary and terminal.
Involucre
Involucres cyathiform-campanulate, obconic, cylindric, or hemispheric.
Phyllaries
Phyllaries free in 2-many series, loosely or appressed imbricate; apices acute obtuse or rounded, often mucronate or aristate, sometimes with a membranous white or coloured appendage; receptacle flat or convex, plane or alveolate, the alveolae sometimes fimbriate.
Corolla
Corolla creamy-white, various shades of purple or blue, rarely orange, cylindric to narrowly infundibuliform or slender-tubular below and abruptly widened cylindric above, regularly 5-lobed.
Anthers
Anthers with a linear or lanceolate apical appendage; theca bases acute or obtuse.
Style
Style branches long tapering-subterete with stigmatic papillae on the inner surface towards the base, pilose or shortly hirsute outside, usually with sweeping hairs.
Fruits
Achenes subterete to ± laterally compressed, obpyramidal and 4–5-sided, oblong-obovoid, turbinate or subfusiform, 2–20-ribbed, sometimes smooth, sparsely to densely glandular, variously hairy, or glabrous, with or without a distinct basal callus.
Seeds
Pappus usually 2-seriate with an outer short whorl of scales or setae, sometimes caducous; inner whorl of long barbellate or subplumose, sometimes caducous, whitish purple or green setae, more rarely the outer pappus absent, sometimes inner pappus setae flattened or widened towards the apex.
Pollen
Pollen grains lophate, the ridges often spiny.

Native to:

Alabama, Aldabra, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arkansas, Assam, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central African Repu, Chad, Chagos Archipelago, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colorado, Comoros, Congo, Connecticut, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Djibouti, East Himalaya, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Florida, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Illinois, India, Indiana, Iowa, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kansas, Kentucky, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Louisiana, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nebraska, Nepal, New Guinea, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Philippines, Queensland, Rhode I., Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Socotra, Somalia, South Carolina, South Dakota, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Virginia, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Vernonia Schreb. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
Jul 1, 2013 Burchell [7900], Brazil K000955249
Jul 1, 2013 Burchell [2058], Brazil K000955251
Feb 1, 2008 Mwangoka, M.A. [3236], Tanzania K000438247
Feb 1, 2008 Mlangwa, J.A. [1527], Tanzania K000438249
Jan 1, 1966 Morton, J.K. [SL1703], Sierra Leone K000040179
Harley, R.M. [H50404], Brazil 58971.000
Harley, R.M. [H50404], Brazil 58994.000
Hepper, F.N. [2181], Cameroon K000051702
Gardner [3244], Goiás K000873985
Gardner [3244], Goiás K000873986
Hind, D.J.N. [H50967], Brazil 58889.000
Hind, D.J.N. [H50037], Brazil 58996.000
Hind, D.J.N. [3128], Brazil 63147.000
Hind, D.J.N. [PCD 3134], Brazil 63210.000
Hind, D.J.N. [3557], Brazil 63448.000
Hind, D.J.N. [4107], Brazil 63469.000
Giulietti, A.M. [PCD 2980], Brazil 63215.000
Spruce, R. [3971], Peru K000200681
Spruce, R. [3971], Peru K000200723
Spruce, R. [4865], Peru K000200724
Spruce, R. [4865], Peru K000200725
Spruce, R. [4865], Peru K000200726
Spruce, R. [3948], Peru K000200820
Spruce, R. [3948], Peru K000200821
Spruce, R. [3948], Peru K000200822
Spruce, R. [s.n.] K000959696
Guedes, M.L. [3013], Brazil 63456.000
Michelson, A. [1189], Cameroon K000051544
Mwangoka, M.A. [1262], Tanzania K000438251

First published in Gen. Pl., ed. 8[a] 2: 541 (1791)

Accepted by

  • Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • —F.T.A. 3: 266. Nom. cons.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • C. Jeffrey in Kew Bull.43: 199–248 (1988).
  • Wild in Kirkia 11: 31–127 (1978).
  • Gen. Pl. 2: 541 (1791) nom. conserv.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by H. Beentje [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Kalanda & Lisowski in Fragm. Flor. Geobot. 40 (2): 548 (1995)
  • K. Bremer, Asteraceae Clad. & Class.: 227 (1994)
  • G.V. Pope in F.Z. 6: 57 (1992)
  • C. Jeffrey in K.B. 43: 199-248 (1988)
  • Gen. Pl. 2: 541 (1791), nom. conserv.

Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Science Photographs
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Plants and People Africa
Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
© Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/